/*
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Universita' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Pasquale Imputato <p.imputato@gmail.com>
 */

/*
 *                                          node
 *                     --------------------------------------------------
 *                     |                                                |
 *                     |        pfifo_fast    queueDiscType [pfifo_fast]|
 *                     |                      bql [false]               |
 *                     |        interface 0   interface 1               |
 *                     |             |             |                    |
 *                     --------------------------------------------------
 *                                   |             |
 *   1 Gbps access incoming link     |             |           100 Mbps bottleneck outgoing link
 * -----------------------------------             -----------------------------------
 *
 * This example builds a node with two interfaces in emulation mode in
 * either {raw, netmap}. The aim is to explore different qdiscs behaviours
 * on the backlog of a device emulated bottleneck side.
 *
 * If you run emulation in netmap mode, you need before to load the
 * netmap.ko module.  The user is responsible for configuring and building
 * netmap separately.
 */

#include "ns3/abort.h"
#include "ns3/core-module.h"
#include "ns3/fd-net-device-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-apps-module.h"
#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-list-routing-helper.h"
#include "ns3/network-module.h"
#include "ns3/traffic-control-module.h"

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("TrafficControlEmu");

void
TcPacketsInQueue(Ptr<QueueDisc> q, Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream)
{
    Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(0.001), &TcPacketsInQueue, q, stream);
    *stream->GetStream() << Simulator::Now().GetSeconds() << " backlog " << q->GetNPackets() << "p "
                         << q->GetNBytes() << "b "
                         << " dropped " << q->GetStats().nTotalDroppedPackets << "p "
                         << q->GetStats().nTotalDroppedBytes << "b " << std::endl;
}

#ifdef HAVE_NETMAP_USER_H
void
Inflight(Ptr<NetmapNetDevice> dev, Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream)
{
    Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(0.001), &Inflight, dev, stream);
    *stream->GetStream() << dev->GetBytesInNetmapTxRing() << std::endl;
}
#endif

int
main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    NS_LOG_INFO("Traffic Control Emulation Example");

    std::string deviceName0("enx503f56005a2a");
    std::string deviceName1("eno1");
    std::string ip0("10.0.1.2");
    std::string ip1("10.0.2.1");
    std::string mask0("255.255.255.0");
    std::string mask1("255.255.255.0");
    std::string m0("00:00:00:aa:00:01");
    std::string m1("00:00:00:aa:00:02");
    std::string queueDiscType = "PfifoFast";
    bool bql = false;

    uint32_t index = 0;
    bool writer = true;
#ifdef HAVE_PACKET_H
    std::string emuMode("raw");
#else // HAVE_NETMAP_USER_H is true (otherwise this example is not compiled)
    std::string emuMode("netmap");
#endif

    CommandLine cmd;
    cmd.AddValue("deviceName0", "Device name", deviceName0);
    cmd.AddValue("deviceName1", "Device name", deviceName1);
    cmd.AddValue("ip0", "Local IP address", ip0);
    cmd.AddValue("ip1", "Local IP address", ip1);
    cmd.AddValue("mask0", "Local mask", mask0);
    cmd.AddValue("mask1", "Local mask", mask1);
    cmd.AddValue("m0", "Mac address", m0);
    cmd.AddValue("m1", "Mac address", m1);
    cmd.AddValue("writer", "Enable write stats", writer);
    cmd.AddValue("queueDiscType",
                 "Bottleneck queue disc type in {PfifoFast, ARED, CoDel, FqCoDel, PIE}",
                 queueDiscType);
    cmd.AddValue("bql", "Enable byte queue limits on bottleneck netdevice", bql);
    cmd.AddValue("index", "Experiment index", index);
    cmd.AddValue("emuMode", "Emulation mode in {raw, netmap}", emuMode);
    cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

    Ipv4Address localIp0(ip0.c_str());
    Ipv4Address localIp1(ip1.c_str());
    Ipv4Mask netmask0(mask0.c_str());
    Ipv4Mask netmask1(mask1.c_str());
    Mac48AddressValue mac0(m0.c_str());
    Mac48AddressValue mac1(m1.c_str());

    //
    // Since we are using a real piece of hardware we need to use the realtime
    // simulator.
    //
    GlobalValue::Bind("SimulatorImplementationType", StringValue("ns3::RealtimeSimulatorImpl"));

    //
    // Since we are going to be talking to real-world machines, we need to enable
    // calculation of checksums in our protocols.
    //
    GlobalValue::Bind("ChecksumEnabled", BooleanValue(true));

    //
    // In such a simple topology, the use of the helper API can be a hindrance
    // so we drop down into the low level API and do it manually.
    //
    // First we need a single node.
    //
    NS_LOG_INFO("Create Node");
    Ptr<Node> node = CreateObject<Node>();

    //
    // Create an emu device, allocate a MAC address and point the device to the
    // Linux device name.  The device needs a transmit queueing discipline so
    // create a droptail queue and give it to the device.  Finally, "install"
    // the device into the node.
    //
    // Do understand that the ns-3 allocated MAC address will be sent out over
    // your network since the emu net device will spoof it.  By default, this
    // address will have an Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) of zero.
    // The Internet Assigned Number Authority IANA
    //
    //  https://www.iana.org/assignments/ieee-802-numbers/ieee-802-numbers.txt
    //
    // reports that this OUI is unassigned, and so should not conflict with
    // real hardware on your net.  It may raise all kinds of red flags in a
    // real environment to have packets from a device with an obviously bogus
    // OUI flying around.  Be aware.
    //

    NS_LOG_INFO("Create Devices");

    FdNetDeviceHelper* helper0 = nullptr;
    FdNetDeviceHelper* helper1 = nullptr;

#ifdef HAVE_PACKET_H
    if (emuMode == "raw")
    {
        auto raw0 = new EmuFdNetDeviceHelper;
        raw0->SetDeviceName(deviceName0);
        helper0 = raw0;

        auto raw1 = new EmuFdNetDeviceHelper;
        raw1->SetDeviceName(deviceName1);
        helper1 = raw1;
    }
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETMAP_USER_H
    if (emuMode == "netmap")
    {
        NetmapNetDeviceHelper* netmap0 = new NetmapNetDeviceHelper;
        netmap0->SetDeviceName(deviceName0);
        helper0 = netmap0;

        NetmapNetDeviceHelper* netmap1 = new NetmapNetDeviceHelper;
        netmap1->SetDeviceName(deviceName1);
        helper1 = netmap1;
    }
#endif

    if ((helper0 == nullptr) || (helper1 == nullptr))
    {
        NS_ABORT_MSG(emuMode << " not supported.");
    }

    NetDeviceContainer devices0 = helper0->Install(node);
    NetDeviceContainer devices1 = helper1->Install(node);

    Ptr<NetDevice> device0 = devices0.Get(0);
    device0->SetAttribute("Address", mac0);

    Ptr<NetDevice> device1 = devices1.Get(0);
    device1->SetAttribute("Address", mac1);

    //
    // Add a default internet stack to the node.  This gets us the ns-3 versions
    // of ARP, IPv4, ICMP, UDP and TCP.
    //
    NS_LOG_INFO("Add Internet Stack");
    InternetStackHelper internetStackHelper;
    internetStackHelper.Install(node);

    Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = node->GetObject<Ipv4>();

    NS_LOG_INFO("Create IPv4 Interface 0");
    uint32_t interface0 = ipv4->AddInterface(device0);
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress address0 = Ipv4InterfaceAddress(localIp0, netmask0);
    ipv4->AddAddress(interface0, address0);
    ipv4->SetMetric(interface0, 0);
    ipv4->SetForwarding(interface0, true);
    ipv4->SetUp(interface0);

    NS_LOG_INFO("Create IPv4 Interface 1");
    uint32_t interface1 = ipv4->AddInterface(device1);
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress address1 = Ipv4InterfaceAddress(localIp1, netmask1);
    ipv4->AddAddress(interface1, address1);
    ipv4->SetMetric(interface1, 0);
    ipv4->SetForwarding(interface1, true);
    ipv4->SetUp(interface1);

    Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables();

    // Traffic control configurations
    // Access link side
    TrafficControlHelper tch0;
    tch0.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc", "MaxSize", StringValue("1000p"));
    tch0.Install(devices0);

    // Bottleneck link side
    TrafficControlHelper tch1;

    if (queueDiscType == "PfifoFast")
    {
        tch1.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc", "MaxSize", StringValue("1000p"));
    }
    else if (queueDiscType == "ARED")
    {
        tch1.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::RedQueueDisc");
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::ARED", BooleanValue(true));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::MaxSize",
                           QueueSizeValue(QueueSize(QueueSizeUnit::BYTES, 1000000)));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::MeanPktSize", UintegerValue(1000));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::LinkBandwidth", StringValue("100Mbps"));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::MinTh", DoubleValue(83333));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::RedQueueDisc::MinTh", DoubleValue(250000));
    }
    else if (queueDiscType == "CoDel")
    {
        tch1.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::CoDelQueueDisc");
    }
    else if (queueDiscType == "FqCoDel")
    {
        tch1.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::FqCoDelQueueDisc");
    }
    else if (queueDiscType == "PIE")
    {
        tch1.SetRootQueueDisc("ns3::PieQueueDisc");
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::PieQueueDisc::MaxSize",
                           QueueSizeValue(QueueSize(QueueSizeUnit::PACKETS, 1000)));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::PieQueueDisc::QueueDelayReference", TimeValue(Seconds(0.02)));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::PieQueueDisc::Tupdate", TimeValue(Seconds(0.032)));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::PieQueueDisc::A", DoubleValue(2));
        Config::SetDefault("ns3::PieQueueDisc::B", DoubleValue(20));
    }
    else
    {
        NS_ABORT_MSG("--queueDiscType not valid");
    }

    if (bql)
    {
        tch1.SetQueueLimits("ns3::DynamicQueueLimits");
    }

    QueueDiscContainer qdiscs = tch1.Install(devices1);
    Ptr<QueueDisc> q = qdiscs.Get(0);

    if (writer)
    {
        AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
        Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream =
            ascii.CreateFileStream("exp-" + std::to_string(index) + "-router-tc-stats.txt");
        Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(0.001), &TcPacketsInQueue, q, stream);

#ifdef HAVE_NETMAP_USER_H
        if (emuMode.compare("netmap") == 0)
        {
            Ptr<NetmapNetDevice> dev = StaticCast<NetmapNetDevice>(device1);
            Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> stream2 =
                ascii.CreateFileStream("exp-" + std::to_string(index) + "-router-inflight.txt");
            Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(0.001), &Inflight, dev, stream2);
        }
#endif

        Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> routingStream =
            Create<OutputStreamWrapper>("router-routes.txt", std::ios::out);
        Ipv4RoutingHelper::PrintRoutingTableAllAt(Seconds(3), routingStream);
    }

    NS_LOG_INFO("Run Emulation.");
    Simulator::Stop(Seconds(50.0));
    Simulator::Run();
    Simulator::Destroy();
    delete helper0;
    delete helper1;
    NS_LOG_INFO("Done.");

    return 0;
}
